World History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

World History - Essay Example vernment and representatives of the Arab governments, the Palestinian Arabs and the Jewish Agency, the White Paper was issued in 1939 by the British government declaring its intention of the future government of Palestine. The White paper also contained the Land Transfers Regulations to protect Palestinian land rights against Zionist acquisition (P4pd. 2004). The White paper further demanded conditional independence for unitary Palestinian State after ten years. In addition, it was agreed to allow 15,000 Jewish immigrants into Palestine annually for five years (Palestineremembered, 2006). Provision was also made for protection of Palestinian land rights against the Zionist acquisition. The British had made contradictory promises to both the Jews and the Palestinians and landed themselves in an untenable and difficult situation. During the World War I, Britain had promised the local Arabs through the Lawrence of Arabia, an independent Arab country covering most of the Middle East in exchange for their support (Wikipedia). Britain also promised to create a Jewish national home as per the Balfour Declaration of 1917. The Jews were fighting against the Arabs and the British while the Arabs were fighting against the Jews and the British. The Arabs attacked the British because the British failed to maintain the quotas as agreed and allowed illegal Jews to enter Palestine (Trueman, 2000). The Jews attacked the British authorities in Palestine because they believed that the quota system was grossly unfair. As a result, British were in the middle of the conflict with little control as the two other sides were involved in their own beliefs (Trueman, 2000). In an attempt to end the violence, the British placed restrictions on the Jewish immigration â€Å"in the ‘interests of the present population’ and the ‘absorptive capacity’ of the country† (Bard, 2007). The British actually partitioned the country by limiting the absorptive capacity of Palestine. They put a

Investigating the Inverse Square Law Essay Example for Free

Investigating the Inverse Square Law Essay The inverse square law can also be applied to gravity, electric fields, light and sound. In relation to electric fields, the electric force in Coulombs law follows the inverse square law: If gamma rays are a form of electromagnetic radiation and undergo negligible absorption in air, then the intensity, I, should vary inversely as the square of the distance between the source and the detector.2 Air acts as an almost transparent medium to ?-rays, and the intensity (rate of energy arrival per unit area) of ?-rays emanating from a point source varies inversely as the square of the distance from the source. 3 ?-rays fall into many distinct monoenergetic groups because of their variable energies which emanate from any particular emitter. The least energetic radiation will only pass through very thin foils, whereas the most energetic can penetrate up to several centimetres of lead.4 As ?-rays tend to produce 10-4 times as many ion-pairs per unit length as ?-particles do, measurements are usually carried out using a Geiger-Mller (G-M) tube.5 G-M tubes are widely used for detecting radiation and ionising particles. Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geiger-M%C3%BCller_tube The anode is a central thin wire which is insulated from the surrounding cathode cylinder, which is metal or graphite coated. The anode is kept at a positive potential and the cathode is earthed. The tube may also have a thin mica end window.6 When radiation enters the tube, a few electrons and ions are produced in the gas. If the voltage is above the breakdown potential (The minimum reverse voltage to make the diode conduct in reverse)7 of the gas, the number of electrons and ions are greatly multiplied. The electrons are attracted to the anode, and the positive ions move towards the cathode. The current flowing in the high resistance resistor (R) produces a pd which is amplified and passed to a counter which registers the passage of an ionising particle or radiation through the tube.8 The tube cannot be filled with air as the discharge persists for a short time after the radiation is registered. This is due to electrons being emitted from the cathode by the positive ions which arrive there. Instead, the tube is filled with argon mixed with a halogen vapour which quenches, reduces the intensity, the discharge quickly, ensuring that the registered radiation does not affect the recording of other ionising particles. When the G-M tube is detecting one particle, if another enters the tube it will not be detected. This is known as dead time; the average maximum being approximately 90 microseconds.9 Because this number is so small, it can justifiably be ignored for this experiment. Background radiation must be taken into account when taking readings from the source. Background radiation primarily comes from cosmic radiation and terrestrial sources.10 This radiation will affect the count and must be corrected. The level of this radiation varies with location and must be measured before conducting the experiment. Since I ? C: C ? 1 (d + d0)2 Therefore: d + d0 ? 1 Vc I ? 1 r2 Where: * d = distance * d0 = distance to be added to the measured distance, d, because of the reference point on the holder not coinciding with the source, and the effective counting space inside the GM tube may not be close to the window, then r = d + d0. * I = intensity * C = corrected count rate the measured count rate minus the reading for background radiation11 Corrected count rate against 1/(d + d0)2 should produce a straight-line graph, passing through the origin, if the inverse square law is followed. Source: A Laboratory Manual of Physics -F. Tyler, Page 269 The gradient of the line obtained is a measure of the strength of the source used in the experiment.12 The strength of the source is the activity, A=?N. The decay constant, ?, can be calculated using ? = ln2/t1/2 where the value for the half-life of Co-60 is 5.2714 years13. Therefore: ? = ln2/t1/2 = 0.693/1.664 x 108 = 4.175 x 10-9 The gradient of the straight line graph will equal ?N0e-?t so ? = gradient/ N0e-?t Safety Precautions: To ensure the utmost safety before, during and after this experiment, some guidelines should be followed: * Food and drink should not be consumed whilst in the same room as the source * Food items should not be stored in the same room as the source * The source should only be handled with long handled source handling tongs, and as little as possible * Hands should be washed thoroughly after contact with the source * If in contact with the source for an extended period, it is recommended that a monitoring badge is worn * As the source will radiate in only one direction, it should not be pointed at anyone * The source should be locked away in a lead lined box when not in use * Open wounds should be covered securely * Protective gloves should be warn when handling potentially contaminated items Errors: To reduce the possible errors within the experiment, an optical bench will be used to ensure that the G-M tube and the source are properly aligned throughout, as the source radiates in one direction, the alignment must remain standard. Also, for small distances, specifically the distance d0 which is the distance the source is from the opening of the holder plus the distance of detection from the window in the G-M tube, vernier callipers will be used to hold as much accuracy as possible. Vernier callipers read to fractions of a millimetre, making them much more accurate than other measuring devices. Other distances, such as distance d, can be measured with a metre rule as the distances are larger which decreases the possible error in measuring. There will also be the error of human reaction times from observing the final count and pressing the stopclock. To ensure accuracy, practise using the stop-clock and count switch until reasonably consistent results can be obtained. Preliminary Work: To decide on an appropriate voltage to use, the G-M tube and source set-up should be tested. Place the source approximately 10 cm from the window of the G-M tube and increase the voltage slowly, until the count rate stops changing dramatically. Plot a graph of the count-rate, C, against EHT voltage, V. Record the voltages V1 and V2 between which the rate of counting does not vary too much. If the rate of counting begins to rise after remaining much the same for a range of voltage do not raise the voltage any higher or the tube may suffer damage.14 The optimum operating voltage will be halfway between the voltage where the plateau begins and the voltage where it ends. To decide on the range of distances used, the source was moved close to the window of the G-M tube and was moved back slowly until the scaler could count adequately (5 cm). This is the smallest distance that will be used. To find the other extreme, the source was moved back until the count rate fell to a low value, but could still provide adequate results (35 cm). d (cm) N t1 (s) t2 (s) t3 (s) Ave. t 5.00 10,000 212 209 209 210.00 10.00 10,000 773 779 790 780.67 15.00 1000 180 220 205 201.67 20.00 1000 317 355 345 339.00 25.00 1000 457 469 437 454.33 30.00 1000 543 510 542 531.67 35.00 1000 749 720 735 734.67 From these preliminary results I have decided to time for 10,000 counts at 5 cm from the source, 5000 counts for 10cm from the source, and 1000 for 15 30cm. This is because any higher values will take considerably longer to measure. I will take three readings from each, as radioactive decay is a random process and it would be unlikely for more than three readings to be similar. An average will be calculated from the three values and the reading for the background radiation will be subtracted to find the corrected count rate. Equipment: * Geiger-Mller tube of , ? sensitive type * Decade scaler with variable EHT supply * Sealed cobalt-60 source sealed to prevent contact with the source and to prevent isotropic radiation * Long handled source handling tongs to prevent contact with the source * Optical bench with source holder to ensure constant alignment * Stop-clock, readable to at least two decimal places * Vernier callipers to measure the distance d0 to a higher level of accuracy * Metre rule to measure the distance d Diagram: Where: * B is the optical bench with source holder, H * G is the Geiger-Mller tube * S is the decade scaler with variable EHT supply * R is the sealed radioactive source, cobalt-60 Cobalt-60 will be used as the gamma source as it is easily produced, by exposing natural cobalt to neutrons in a reactor, and therefore easy to acquire.15 It also produces ?-rays with energies of 1.17 MeV and 1.33 MeV. Method: 1. Clamp the G-M tube to one end of the optical bench and attach it to the input socket of the scaler 2. Set the variable EHT voltage on the scaler at a minimum and turn it on, allowing a few minutes for the scaler to warm up 3. Change the variable EHT voltage on the scaler to the value found through preliminary work and set it to count pulses from the G-M tube 4. Start the stopclock and measure the background radiation for an adequate length of time, e.g. 25 minutes, as background radiation is variable 5. Place the holder containing the ?-source at 5.0 cm from the window of the G-M tube 6. Start the stopclock and stop after 10,000 counts are registered. Record this value and repeat twice 7. Move the ?-source to 10.0 cm from the window of the G-M tube and repeat procedure 5, instead only counting 5000 counts 8. Move the ?-source to 15.0 cm from the window of the G-M tube and repeat procedure 5, instead counting only 1000 counts 9. Repeat procedure 7 for sets of 5.0 cm until a distance of 30.0 cm is reached 10. Tabulate these results and find the average count rate for each distance 11. Evaluate 1/(d + do)2 12. Using the recorded value for background radiation, evaluate the corrected count rate for each distance 13. Plot the graph of corrected count rate against 1/(d + do)2 References: 1 http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/Hbase/forces/isq.html 2 Essential Pre-University Physics Whelan Hodgson, page 953 3 Essential Principles of Physics Whelan Hodgson, page 472 4 Essential Principles of Physics Whelan Hodgson, page 472 5 Essential Principles of Physics Whelan Hodgson, page 472 6 http://www.imagesco.com/articles/geiger/03.html 7 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breakdown_voltage 8 Essential Pre-University Physics Whelan Hodgson, page 406 9 http://www.imagesco.com/articles/geiger/03.html 10 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Background_radiation 11 Advanced Level Practical Physics M Nelkon JM Ogborn, page 218 12 A Laboratory Manual of Physics F. Tyler, page 269 13 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cobalt * 14 Advanced Level Practical Physics M Nelkon JM Ogborn, page 212 15 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cobalt

Freedom Of Expression Vs Censorship Policy Media Essay

Freedom Of Expression Vs Censorship Policy Media Essay That leads to the question: Is freedom of expression the opposite to censorship policy? Based on my understanding in Broadcasting Act 1988, Ive to disagree with the statement because freedom of expression and censorship policy are both essential to a countrys development and growth. Censorship policy is a necessity to media because contents that are published through the media must always be checked and filtered in order to prevent harmful and misleading contents to reach the public. Examples are sex-related scenes, violence and gore scenes, and some to the extent of causing racial controversy among the people. It is true that the contents found in media are not 100% true and authentic; However if too much truth and info are exposed to the public, then how certain are we that the public are ready to accept all the facts? Secondly, freedom of expression is essential for a democratic country to grow and develop succeedingly without the abuse of power. Freedom of expression also allow different views and opinions to be voiced out to the public and a country such as Malaysia that has citizens of diverse race, religion, and culture can share their beliefs and be more aware. In addition, freedom of expression has many beneficial effects to society. Freedom of expression also opens opportunity for citizens to take part in decision making of the country such as the rights to vote. Furthermore, citizens can voice out their thoughts and opinion freely without being judged. We refer to freedom of expression rather than freedom of speech because it is more accurately conveyed that it does not have to be words that is said but by the acts that we did. However, freedom of expression may cause harm to others and if it is not controlled properly, libel and slander might occur and conflict will happen. A good example will be the case of Wee Meng Chee aka Namewee that has caused a racial controversy by putting a video of our national anthem with racial slur in it. So this is why freedom of expression should be controlled even though it is necessary for a democratic society. As we can see, freedom of expression and censorship policy synchronizes together and a democratic country could not grow with just one and without the other. That boils up to the point, is all this restriction and limitation really necessary and needed? I will say its very important to be able to balance both freedom of expression and censorship policy. We need to have strong moral values in order to be able to filter contents that are useful and contents that may be harmful and malicious. We the people of the country are actually the cause of all the conflict and controversy that has happened in our nation. As long as we are not educated with proper moral values and ethics, there will always be issues regarding censorship policy and freedom expression. There is a saying: With great power, comes great responsibility. Based on that quote, I believe that both freedom of expression and censorship policy can be a very useful tool if we were to use it wisely but it can also be a very destructive weapon if we do not imply wisdom in using it. There must be boundaries and limitation concerning freedom of expression because more and more individual are starting to rise up and make a stand by voicing out their opinion. It is a good thing that we are able to listen and share different views and opinion. If freedom of expression is used with the intent of helping others and bringing unity then those kinds of acts and speeches should not be blocked and restricted. A very good example pertaining to good use of freedom of expression is the issue of Martin Luther King. Quoting from his speech, he said that we should face hostility with peace. If the public can have a mature and rational thinking like Martin Luther King then freedom of expression can lead to a good thing. The government should control the public from delivering hate speech but they shouldnt restrict and stop the public from expressing honest opinion or we as a nation would always be distorted and blinded with lies. The case of Irene Fernandez has sparked up a very sensitive issue among the public. Irene Fernandez published a report on the living conditions of the migrant workers entitled  Abuse, Torture and Dehumanized Conditions of Migrant Workers in Detention Centres and she was detained and charged for maliciously publishing false news. Do you think it is fair for a woman that merely defended the rights of migrant workers to be under the longest trial in Malaysia history? Malaysia is recognized as a democratic country with variety of races, religion, and culture and Malaysia supports freedom of expression but the charge of Irene Fernandez has bring about confusion to the public. It is said that we have the freedom of expression but the arrest of Irene Fernandez has proven that we do not really have the freedom of expression rather it is just a cover up done by the government. We the people make the government so henceforth if we can grow to be a wise and developed society, then freedom of expression and censorship policy can be a channel for us to share beliefs and opinion without worrying that conflicts might spark. I will end this essay with a question. Can our voices be heard fairly despite all this restriction and limitation?

Compare the successes of Troy and Boldwood in courting Bathsheba :: essays research papers

Compare the successes of Troy and Boldwood in courting Bathsheba Boldwood and Troy both try to court Bathsheba however using different techniques and with varying success. Boldwood is pictured by Hardy to be a nervous, stammering man, ‘but I am only just able to speak out my feelings – I mean meaning’, this quote shows him stammering and a ‘hopeless man for women’. Hardy has also shown this awkwardness when he pictures Boldwood ‘leaning over a chair’, an undignified position and thus shows how he is willing to lose all dignity in order to get Bathsheba. Boldwood is stated to need Bathsheba, his ‘life is a burden’ without her, and is incredibly desperate to get her. This can be seen by the numerous proposals Boldwood makes as if it seems he cannot take no for an answer. This can be seen when having been proposed to Bathsheba replies ‘I do not feel – what would justify me to – in accepting your offer’, showing Boldwood’s awkwardness is spreading to Bathsheba, this quote shows Bathsheba trying to say no, however ‘giving back dignity for dignity’ however Boldwood will not take it and out pour his emotions in the ‘opening of the sluices’. Troy however sees Bathsheba not as someone who he needs, but as another girl to add to the collection. Hardy shows Troy as more of an expert when it comes to courting girls. The reader already knows he is having a relationship with Fanny Robin so his courting Bathsheba conjures up antagonism from the reader. As Troy is more experienced in courting girls he is seen much more confident when talking to Bathsheba. His dialogue is much more relaxing than Boldwood’s, he jokes by saying that he wishes ‘it was the knot of knots’ when they are tied together. This shows his not so subtle hint of marriage, which is prophetic irony, and it works as a good compliment. This contrasts with Boldwood’s dialogue which mainly focus around himself, ‘I cannot live without you’, ‘my life is a burden without you’, these two statements show he is subject of the dialogue not her. Troy, however, having been more experienced knows what a woman wants to hear. He thanks Bathsheba ‘for the sight of such a beautiful sight’ when he sees her face.

Innovation and creativity evaluation of Apple Corporation Essay

Economic growth and development of any country depends upon a well-knit financial system. Financial system comprises, a set of sub-systems of financial institutions financial markets, financial instruments and services which help in the formation of capital. Thus a financial system provides a mechanism by which savings are transformed into investments and it can be said that financial system play an significant role in economic growth of the country by mobilizing surplus funds and utilizing them effectively for productive purpose. The financial system is characterized by the presence of integrated, organized and regulated financial markets, and institutions that meet the short term and long term financial needs of both the household and corporate sector. Both financial markets and financial institutions play an important role in the financial system by rendering various financial services to the community. They operate in close combination with each other. Financial System The word â€Å"system†, in the term â€Å"financial system†, implies a set of complex and closely connected or interlined institutions, agents, practices, markets, transactions, claims, and liabilities in the economy. The financial system is concerned about money, credit and finance-the three terms are intimately related yet are somewhat different from each other. Indian financial system consists of financial market, financial instruments and financial intermediation Role/ Functions of Financial System: A financial system performs the following functions: * It serves as a link between savers and investors. It helps in utilizing the mobilized savings of scattered savers in more efficient and effective manner. It channelises flow of saving into productive investment. * It assists in the selection of the projects to be financed and also reviews the performance of such projects periodically. * It provides payment mechanism for exchange of goods and services. * It provides a mechanism for the transfer of resources across geographic boundaries. It provides a   mechanism for managing and controlling the risk involved in mobilizing savings and allocating credit. * It promotes the process of capital formation by bringing together the supply of saving and the demand for investible funds. * It helps in lowering the cost of transaction and increase returns. Reduce cost motives people to save more. * It provides you detailed information to the operators/ players in the market such as individuals, business houses, Governments etc. Components/ Constituents of Indian Financial system: The following are the four main components of Indian Financial system 1. Financial institutions 2. Financial Markets 3. Financial Instruments/Assets/Securities 4. Financial Services. Financial institutions: Financial institutions are the intermediaries who facilitates smooth functioning of the financial system by making investors and borrowers meet. They mobilize savings of the surplus units and allocate them in productive activities promising a better rate of return. Financial institutions also provide services to entities seeking advises on various issues ranging from restructuring to diversification plans. They provide whole range of services to the entities who want to raise funds from the markets elsewhere. Financial institutions act as financial intermediaries because they act as middlemen between savers and borrowers. Were these financial institutions may be of Banking or Non-Banking institutions. Financial Markets: Finance is a prerequisite for modern business and financial institutions play a vital role in economic system. It’s through financial markets the financial system of an economy works. The main functions of financial markets are. To facilitate creation and allocation of credit and liquidity; 2. to serve as intermediaries for mobilization of savings; 3. to assist process of balanced economic growth; 4. to provide financial convenience Financial Instruments Another important constituent of financial system is financial instruments. They represent a claim against the future income and wealth of others. It will be a claim against a person or an institutions, for the payment of the some of the money at a specified future date. Financial Services: Efficiency of emerging financial system largely depends upon the quality and variety of financial services provided by financial intermediaries. The term financial services can be defined as â€Å"activites, benefits and satisfaction connected with sale of money, that offers to users and customers, financial related value†. Pre-reforms Phase Until the early 1990s, the role of the financial system in India was primarily restricted to the function of channeling resources from the surplus to deficit sectors. Whereas the financial system performed this role reasonably well, its operations came to be marked by some serious deficiencies over the years. The banking sector suffered from lack of competition, low capital base, low Productivity and high intermediation cost. After the nationalization of large banks in 1969 and 1980, the Government-owned banks dominated the banking sector. The role of technology was minimal and the quality of service was not given adequate importance. Banks also did not follow proper risk management systems and the prudential standards were weak. All these resulted in poor asset quality and low profitability. Among non-banking financial intermediaries, development finance institutions (DFIs) operated in an over-protected environment with most of the funding coming from assured sources at concessional terms. In the insurance sector, there was little competition. The mutual fund industry also suffered from lack of competition and was dominated for long by one institution, viz. , the Unit Trust of India. Non-banking financial companies (NBFCs) grew rapidly, but there was no regulation of their asset side. Financial markets were characterized by control over pricing of financial assets, barriers to entry, high transaction costs and restrictions on movement of funds/participants between the market segments. This apart from inhibiting the development of the markets also affected their efficiency. Financial Sector Reforms in India It was in this backdrop that wide-ranging financial sector reforms in India were introduced as an integral part of the economic reforms initiated in the early 1990s with a view to improving the macroeconomic performance of the economy. The reforms in the financial sector focused on creating efficient and stable financial institutions and markets. The approach to financial sector reforms in India was one of gradual and non-disruptive progress through a consultative process. The Reserve Bank has been consistently working towards setting an enabling regulatory framework with prompt and effective supervision, development of technological and institutional infrastructure, as well as changing the interface with the market participants through a consultative process. Persistent efforts have been made towards adoption of international benchmarks as appropriate to Indian conditions. While certain changes in the legal infrastructure are yet to be effected, the developments so far have brought the Indian financial system closer to global standards. The reform of the interest regime constitutes an integral part of the financial sector reform. With the onset of financial sector reforms, the interest rate regime has been largely deregulated with a view towards better price discovery and efficient resource allocation. Initially, steps were taken to develop the domestic money market and freeing of the money market rates. The interest rates offered on Government securities were progressively raised so that the Government borrowing could be carried out at market-related rates. In respect of banks, a major effort was undertaken to simplify the administered structure of interest rates. Banks now have sufficient flexibility to decide their deposit and lending rate structures and manage their assets and liabilities accordingly. At present, apart from savings account and NRE deposit on the deposit side and export credit and small loans on the lending side, all other interest rates are deregulated. Indian banking system operated for a long time with high reserve requirements both in the form of Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR) and Statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR). This was a consequence of the high fiscal deficit and a high degree of monetisation of fiscal deficit. The efforts in the recent period have been to lower both the CRR and SLR. The statutory minimum of 25 per cent for SLR has already been reached, and while the Reserve Bank continues to pursue its medium-term objective of reducing the CRR to the statutory minimum level of 3. 0 per cent, the CRR of SCBs is currently placed at 5. 0 per cent of NDTL. As part of the reforms programme, due attention has been given to diversification of ownership leading to greater market accountability and improved efficiency. Initially, there was infusion of capital by the Government in public sector banks, which was followed by expanding the capital base with equity participation by the private investors. This was followed by a reduction in the Government shareholding in public sector banks to 51 per cent. Consequently, the share of the public sector banks in the aggregate assets of the banking sector has come down from 90 per cent in 1991 to around 75 per cent in2004. With a view to enhancing efficiency and productivity through competition, guidelines were laid down for establishment of new banks in the private sector and the foreign banks have been allowed more liberal entry. Since 1993, twelve new private sector banks have been set up. As a major step towards enhancing competition in the banking sector, foreign direct investment in the private sector banks is now allowed up to 74 per cent, subject to conformity with the guidelines issued from time to time. Conclusion: The Indian financial system has undergone structural transformation over the past decade. The financial sector has acquired strength, efficiency and stability by the combined effect of competition, regulatory measures, and policy environment. While competition, consolidation and convergence have been recognized as the key drivers of the banking sector in the coming years

Gender Social Conditioning Essays

Gender Social Conditioning Essays Gender Social Conditioning Essay Gender Social Conditioning Essay The Influence Of Education On Gender Socialization The common misconception about gender nowadays is that it has the same meaning as sex, something innate and natural. However, since 1970s, increasingly more anthropologists like Margaret Mead agree that gender is something that can be conditioned and is prone to socialization. Since a young age, possibly around two to three years old when an infant begins to develop higher cognitive functions, society bombards them with different signals that slowly condition them into a specific gender role: male or female. By gender role, I am referring to a set of attitudes or behaviors that is encouraged or at least expected of a person based on his or her gender. This also means that gender is malleable and a product of socio-cultural and historical contingencies – a social construct. Normal traits that we associate with a specific gender like aggressiveness with men and gentility with women are not as natural as they seem. In fact, these seemingly normative behaviors have been slowly fortifying our own perspectives about gender roles but also help shape people into a gendered being. Therefore, boys are raised to conform to male gender role and girls are brought up to fit the female gender role. In a ‘Western Society’ for example the US or Europe, education becomes an integral part of a child’s livelihood from a very young age. The influences from education that condition children into specific gendered beings cannot be ignored as school time accounts for most of a child or teenager’s life. : I am highlighting that this is common in ‘the West’ because family expectations or religious traditions might be the bigger factor or influence for gender socialization in communitarian or other types of societies. I would like to start with an observation I made about this particular issue while looking through an English language textbook for beginners. In a chapter about occupations, I noted that most jobs associated with the public sphere usually carry male connotations with them, for example, fireman or policeman. Furthermore, the pictures depicting people in these public sphere jobs usually have male models. On the other hand, jobs related to servitude or obedience such as waitresses or nurses usually has female models portraying the jobs. This is where I first encountered an example of the issue of gender socialization in the education field. This particular example shows us that children from a young age have been conditioned to relate male with the public realm and also as dominant providers; whereas females are linked to obedience and serving others. This fits in with Sack’s argument that women are discouraged to work in the public realm where their work could be properly evaluated and valued. These subliminal signals from school along with their family’s structure and parents’ roles or occupations could reinforce the children’s expectations for genders. This in turn would affect the children’s preference of jobs where they choose something that conforms to their genders’ characteristics and thus, the cycle of gender conditioning begins again. Another very important gender socialization process that occurs during a child’s educational years is self-socialization. I first noted this phenomenon when I saw a teenage girl being ridiculed for wanting to play basketball with the boys and thought of another situation when my male friend was mocked for participating in a drama production. The common trend I have noticed is that when an individual does not behave or conform to his or her own gender’s expectations, society often reacts in a disapproving or negative manner. Thus the ‘deviant’ individual through external pressure or other mechanisms like shame or punishment would hope to correct his or her own behavior so that it is more in tune with their gender expectations. From an early age, boys and girls would have started self-correcting their own behaviors so that they received less negative feedback from the external reality. This, however, reinforces the differences seen by children between male and female and ultimately leading to the conclusion that you can only behave like one or the other. The duality of gender actually limits opportunities and potential an individual can have because if that specific skill or quality is not within a gender’s characteristics, it might be self-corrected and discarded through self-socialization. We can even see an example or offshoot of this issue in the homosexuality debate occurring right now, men who are acting in a supposingly ‘devious manner’ are being discriminated against not because of any biological reasons but because of socio-cultural pressure to conform to normative gender expectations. This process of self-socialization starts from a relatively early age to shape us into what our society constitutes as male or female genders. Lastly, another aspect of education that has long-lasting effect on forming gendered beings is the way a classroom is ran and methods of teaching. There seems to be an emerging trend of a new style of teaching which uses a more open and interactive system, we see this in new schools such as ‘School Without Walls’. However, the majority of public or private schools in the US, or even around the world in this case, still follows a strict guideline on how students should behave in a classroom. Desired qualities in an ideal student from a teacher’s perspective would be obedience, quietness, maturity, passiveness and patience. In a system where examinations and tests account for the majority of the grading criteria, a student behaving according to these qualities would do better than a student who is more active, ‘rebellious’ or passionate. One might notice that the characteristics that would allow a student to succeed in school are relatively feminine. Especially considering that girls are thought to develop at a faster pace than boys and reach full cognitive maturity sooner. The female gender might have an intrinsic advantage at doing better in our education system over male students who are often described as more energetic, easily distracted and physical. The ways the education system functions and evaluates allow more matured female students to focus and excel in studies while more physical male students would start to lose interest in education all together. This is a trend we have started to notice in the US where the dropout rate for male students is 50% higher than female students in a specific state; the significant gap shows that the education system clearly has different effects on male and female. To sum up how our way of teaching in classrooms can form gendered beings, one can say that boys are ‘discouraged’ from education or demotivated due to the education system’s inadaptability with intrinsic characteristics usually associated with male children such as aggressiveness and spirited. This in turn would lead male children to focus more on their own physical aspect while female children who have better chances at completing school, would have less external pressure and could focus on their own mental capabilities and schoolwork. Thus, this social process successfully highlighted the gender differences and strengthens notions about how genders are formed socially. This particular process could later on lead to selecting careers that are clearly relegated to a specific gender. The reinforcement of ideas about the duality of gender into our children’s minds would help them form their own concepts about gender roles and potential. From a children’s textbook to how a class is ran, it seems that our society is crammed with subliminal or direct signals that slowly shape us into our gender roles or to become a ‘gendered being’. According to Margaret Mead, gender is something that varies from culture to culture and the gender roles we have established here might not be the norm for another society. Her work shows that gender roles or expectations are complex products of socio-cultural, economical and historical contingencies and not just something innate in our biological differences between male and female. Following her idea, I realized that in our society, a lot of these gender socialization processes have been institutionalized and even the smallest things could help form us into the gendered beings we are today. Hence, I started at an early stage of cognitive development where the mind is the most ‘absorbent’ so to speak. In conclusion, I’ve found out that not only is the education system itself very much reinforcing these gendered ideas but as the children progress in this system, they also increasingly bolster these ideas in their peers through self-socialization, somewhat similar to a mutual exchange of ideas. Therefore, one can understand that the influence and effect of the educational system cannot be overlooked on how gendered ideas and eventually gendered beings are formed as these ideas carry themselves into the ‘real’ and ‘adult’ society where these gender expectations are then passed on again to the next generation like a cycle. Bibliography: Abu-Lughod, Lila. Veiled Sentiments: Honor and Poetry in a Bedouin Society. Berkeley: University of California, 1986. Print. Mack, Julie. A Closer Look At The Gender Gap In High School Dropout. The Kalamazoo Gazette. N. p. , Apr. 2012. Web. 20 Feb. 2013. Mead, Margaret. Sex and Temperament in Three Primitive Societies. New York: HarperCollins, 2001. Print. [ 1 ]. Mack, Julie. A Closer Look At The Gender Gap In High School Dropout. The Kalamazoo Gazette. N. p. , Apr. 2012. Web. 20 Feb. 2013.

the U.S Civil war essays

the U.S Civil war essays "War is a hellish way to settle a disagreement" The American Civil War (1861 - 1865) was one of the most violent times in the History of the United States. Many books have been written on all aspects of the Civil War. Civil War is the conflict between the Northern states (the Union) and the Southern states that seceded from the Union and formed the Confederacy. It is generally known in the South as the War between the States and is also called the War of the Rebellion (the official Union designation), the War of Secession, and the War for Southern Independence. , although much criticized as inexact, is most widely accepted. The name Civil War is misleading because the war was not a class struggle, but a sectional combat having its roots in political, economic, social, and psychological elements so complex that historians still do not agree on its basic causes. It has been characterized, in the words of William H. Seward, as the irrepressible conflict. In another judgment the Civil War was viewed as criminally stupid, an unnecessary bloodletting brought on by arrogant extremists and blundering politicians. Both views accept the fact that in 1861 there existed a situation that, rightly or wrongly, had come to be regarded as insoluble by peaceful means. In the days of the American Revolution and of the adoption of the Constitution, differences between North and South were dwarfed by their common interest in establishing a new nation. But sectionalism steadily grew stronger. During the 19th century the South remained almost completely agricultural, with an economy and a social order largely founded on slavery and the plantation system. These mutually dependent institutions produced the staples, especially cotton, from which the South derived its wealth. The North had its own great agricultural resources, was always more advanced commercially, and was also expanding industrially. Hostility between the two s...

tracking

Tracking Thomas Jefferson once stated, â€Å"We are all created equal,† but we are not, we are all unique in different aspects in our lives, one aspect being the ability to learn. In Jeannie Oakes’ Tracking: Can Schools Take a Different Route?, she states, â€Å"Track level differences get produced as teachers and students interact at school.† The competition many students feel academically is hard and furious. Some students do not have the desire to compete and wish to merely go with the flow at school. This is the reason that tracking comes about in schools. The teachers notice the levels of competition the students feel, and make their decisions of how to teach based on how they respond in class. The ability of a student cannot truly be measured by an educator, but rather by the student himself. In all reality no one knows a person better than that person himself or herself. The student makes the decision about whether he or she wants to challenge him/herself more or less. Granted, as Jeannie Oakes states, â€Å"when schools group by ability, teachers are better able to target individual needs and students will learn more,† this may be true for the teacher, but if a student places him/herself into a higher ability group it may help to push and encourage him more academically being around people who have that higher ability. Many students are able to grasp one subject better than another, and they realize this on their own. â€Å"Tracking is both a response to significant differences among students and an ongoing contribution to those differences,† everyone knows their strengths and weaknesses and need not be reminded of them by being placed, by someone else, into an ability group. By doing so, again as Jeanne Oakes states, â€Å"students experience lower self-esteem and expect less of themselves when schools publicly identify them as less able.† Teachers have no excuse to give up on or be less enthusiastic towards their... tracking Free Essays on Grouping/tracking Tracking Thomas Jefferson once stated, â€Å"We are all created equal,† but we are not, we are all unique in different aspects in our lives, one aspect being the ability to learn. In Jeannie Oakes’ Tracking: Can Schools Take a Different Route?, she states, â€Å"Track level differences get produced as teachers and students interact at school.† The competition many students feel academically is hard and furious. Some students do not have the desire to compete and wish to merely go with the flow at school. This is the reason that tracking comes about in schools. The teachers notice the levels of competition the students feel, and make their decisions of how to teach based on how they respond in class. The ability of a student cannot truly be measured by an educator, but rather by the student himself. In all reality no one knows a person better than that person himself or herself. The student makes the decision about whether he or she wants to challenge him/herself more or less. Granted, as Jeannie Oakes states, â€Å"when schools group by ability, teachers are better able to target individual needs and students will learn more,† this may be true for the teacher, but if a student places him/herself into a higher ability group it may help to push and encourage him more academically being around people who have that higher ability. Many students are able to grasp one subject better than another, and they realize this on their own. â€Å"Tracking is both a response to significant differences among students and an ongoing contribution to those differences,† everyone knows their strengths and weaknesses and need not be reminded of them by being placed, by someone else, into an ability group. By doing so, again as Jeanne Oakes states, â€Å"students experience lower self-esteem and expect less of themselves when schools publicly identify them as less able.† Teachers have no excuse to give up on or be less enthusiastic towards their...

Assess the practical usefulness and the relevance of game theory in Essay

Assess the practical usefulness and the relevance of game theory in light of the demanding assumptions behind the concept of the - Essay Example On e would be able to find out the importance and demerit of using Nash equilibrium in the real world. Introduction Game theory refers to the study of the techniques of decision making. The study gives calculated methods of giving a strategic decision in an economic issue. It puts related disciplines of philosophy, mathematics and psychology in making strategic decision making. Since its invention in 1944 by John von Neumann and Oskar Morgenstern, it has undergone severall improvement and applications. The Nash equilibrium is a concept in game theory that gives solutions to games that involves more than one player. In Nash equilibrium, every player makes the best decision considering that the opponent would make their own best decision too. Jon Nash realized that one has no capabilities to tell and predict others’ decisions by only viewing one case. Isolation prevents proper analysis of decisions. In addition, every player knows that there is nothing to gain by changing their strategy. Therefore, the only option left for a player is to get know what one player would do by considering the others’ decisions in the process. Game theory uses the concepts of Nash equilibrium when making an analysis of strategic interaction that occurs between the decision makers. Throughout history, Nash’s equilibrium concept has been useful with practical application in times of war and arms races. Some of the practical applications of Nash equilibrium include; mitigation of members in conflict by use of repeated interactions, determining the point in which people of different preferences may agree to cooperate, occurrence of currency crises, the flow of traffic on busy roads, setting up regulatory regulations and during soccer when kicking penalties (Myerson 2013, p56). In Nash equilibrium, everybody gets involved in a game the moment their fate is a point where the decision depends on the other person playing the game. The game does not have all the practical conditions that exist in the real world. Some of the unrealistic assumption that the game assumes are as follows; the concepts operate in the assumption that the players possess powerful computing techniques, through which, they analyze every situation giving no chance to any faults. Human beings operate under situations that may involve a lot of unforeseen situations. Thus, humans are prone to making incorrect decisions during the period. In addition, the concepts call for radical decisions that raise a lot of questions (Zhao 2007, p89). Another unrealistic nature is that it gives either the optimum or a value at equilibrium. It does not give a true value. In pratically, the scenarios are true and would require two choices giving true results. That is; the results of the prisoner’s dilemma are not as optimum as the theory tends to show. In some of the cases, the concept could be unreliable and misleading the practical user. However, such cases are limited since the Nash equ ilibrium has registered many instances of positive feedback. Nash equilibrium sets up a base in which other theories and practical scenarios can base their applications for success in the real world (Zhao 2007, p77). Conditions that exist in the real world seem to be more complicated that in examples. For example, if an event that two competing companies set their market price at say, $10, one company would attempt to set a slightly lower price to increase its sales, as long

Muscular Dystrophy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Muscular Dystrophy - Essay Example As muscular Dystrophy is a genetic disorder, patients suffering from it have wrong or missing information in their genes, which inhibits or stops the production of protein dystrophin that is vital for strong and healthy muscles. The result is that in patients suffering from Muscular Dystrophy, their muscles tend to become weak with the passage of time (Tingle, 1990, p. 28). The adults suffering from Muscular Dystrophy eventually lose the ability to perform normal body activities like walking and moving around. Some patients develop Muscular Dystrophy when they are mere babies, while many other patients begin to exhibit symptoms at a later stage. Some patients even develop Muscular Dystrophy at an adult stage. The life expectancy in a Muscular Dystrophy directly depends on the extent to which one’s muscles have weakened and the degree of their impact on heart and lung functioning (Tingle, 1990). Though much scientific research is taking place to find a cure for Muscular Dystrop hy, at present there is no cure for this disease. Patients with Muscular Dystrophy could resort to physiotherapy to prevent the stiffening of their muscles. Sometimes surgery or braces are used to restore muscle flexibility (Emery, 2000, p. 56, 58). In acute cases, respiratory aids like ventilators may be required (Emery, 2000, p. 63). Conclusively speaking, though there is no cure for Muscular Dystrophy, the patients could resort to varied available medical interventions to improve the quality of their life.

Language and Structure in the novel When I Whistle by Shusaku Endo Essay

Language and Structure in the novel When I Whistle by Shusaku Endo - Essay Example Here he encounters a person who seems vaguely familiar but whom he cannot quite place. This man turns out to have been a fellow student at Nada Middle School some forty years before. Their brief conversation provokes an extended reminiscence that transports Ozu back to a simpler, more serene time in his life. Upon seeing boats on the lake, he conjures up his schoolboy friend, Flatfish, and their adventures together in an idyllic time before World War II, when the Japanese educational system sought to inculcate the virtues of pride and industriousness. While his stern teacher tried to build character, Ozu spent his school hours daydreaming about the young women he and his best friend, the unsophisticated but endearing Flatfish, would pursue, literally, once the school day had ended. (Allen 530-531; Updike 94-102) The romance and innocence of his adolescence is captured for Ozu in the enduring image of Flatfish's "tiny head being tossed about by the waves as he swam desperately for the open sea" in pursuit of a girl, Aiko, whom he had met by chance and with whom both were madly in love. While militarism gripped their nation, Ozu and Flatfish preferred the frivolous joys of childish classroom pranks and chasing girls. In When I Whistle , Endo is concerned to draw a number of disturbing contrasts between wartime and present-day Japan while scrupulously avoiding, in translator Van C. Gessel's words, "painting either period in a romantic light." What, Endo asks, is the legacy of the war generation, what kind of Japan has resulted from the devastation of World War II Part of his answer is seen in the life-style of Eiichi, the ruthless young surgeon of When I Whistle; unaffected by the tragedy of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, and unable to see his patients as anything but specimens for his own experiments, he extends the imperialistic impulse of prewar Japan by ignoring the past and worshipping the present. (King 23-24) The accumulation of material possessions is the only source of meaning for the new generation. This striking thematic element in When I Whistle is made more powerful by its pervasive medical and hospital imagery. (Cunningham 527) Chronic heart and lung problems have plagued Endo throughout his adult life and consequently he has spent much time in hospitals; in the early 1960's, Endo underwent a series of major surgical procedures, resulting in the removal of one lung. Japan emerges in When I Whistle as one large cancer ward, the malignancy of rampant materialism uncurable, the placebo of success a momentary distraction in the face of a godless eternity. As a Christian, Endo is an apologist for a set of values he believes is indigenous to the West but foreign to Japanese soil. A convert who recognizes the irony that Japan has become less spiritual as it has become more Westernized, Endo constructs themes which generally revolve around a protagonist confronted with the ruins of a native culture to which he is drawn and by which he is repulsed. Ozu is thus an exemplar of Endo's despairing vision of the postwar era-an open-hearted Japanese seeking answers and finding only the echoes of the past. Endo wrote When I Whistle between his two more celebrated historical novels set in the seventeenth century, Chimmoku (1966; Silence , 1969) and Samurai (1980; The Samurai , 1982). In

Quality Statistics Project Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Quality - Statistics Project Example Still from Table II-A, the maximum locate number is located where the raw with N code letter intersects with 1.5 percent – this number is 14, which is the maximum locate number. To estimate the producer’s risk, we shall use binomial distribution Table. Since we shall require n = 15 as the sample size, we shall go to the row where n = 5. In the ‘x’ Colum, we shall select 2, assuming that we shall not allow more than two defects. To get the producer’s risk, we shall locate the value that corresponds to 0.05, which is the AQL - this value is 0.97. Therefore, the producer’s risk = 100-97 = 3% or 0.03. This is a two-tailed test because the null hypothesis will be rejected if the sample mean is either too large or too small – there are two outcomes that will lead to rejection of the null hypothesis. Considering the two-tailed test, we shall be interested in establishing whether the p-value is less than -2.5 or greater than 2.5 Using t Distribution Table, we find that P (t > 2.5) = 0.9885 and P(t < -1.77) = 0.9885 Therefore, p-value = 0.9885*2 =

International Production And Governance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

International Production And Governance - Essay Example As a result, a steady increase got registered in the output of world trade. The above situation presents a similar case to one of the pillar causes of the Financial Crisis of 2008: mortgage lending in the United States of America. According to Murphy (2010), the availability of credit with low rates of interest encouraged people to seek loans. The upward trend in prices of houses further prompted them to invest in houses and homes. This trend, coupled with standards of lending that seemed relaxed encouraged the exploits. As such, when the financial crisis hit, a lot of lending institutions suffered. The genesis of the crisis, as thus, lay in the marketing policies of the mortgage market. The freestyle and casual manner in which the mortgage financing options and paperwork got done exposed the financial markets to high levels of risk. The lowered standards of accessing and the use of the word of mouth in confirming ability to repay the mortgage led to many people buying houses they could not afford (Murphy 2010). As thus, when the financial crunch descended the financiers suffered. This affected the ways in which international governance and production got looked at, in matters financial. The handling of financial affairs got a wake-up call. All the procedures and paperwork got a thorough look up before issuance of not only mortgages and loans, but also other financial transactions. Tangible, and in some cases physical property, got attached as evidence of the ability to repay loans, Murphy (2010). According to Nayyar (2006), the last half of the past century underwent unprecedented expansion and growth in flows, in international trade. World exports experienced astronomical increases, from $61billion in the 1950s to $883billion (1975) and $6338 billion at the turn of the century. Through this epoch, more growth got observed in world trade than in output. This explains the trend that results when the conditions that favor economic

Business Law Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Business Law - Term Paper Example An LLC is a flexible business entity that combines the elements of a partnership and that of a corporation. It provides limited liability for its members. Limited liability implies that the liability of a member is limited to a certain sum, which in most cases is the value of the members contribution to the business. A shareholder in an LLC is not personally liable for any liabilities incurred by the entity unless to the extent of their investment in the entity. This business model is ideal for Paul as it will allow him to form the business with both Sara and Ronald. Compared to a partnership, an LLC does not give joint or individual liability. In a partnership, partners are not only liable for the actions undertaken by the entity but also liable for their actions. A corporation, on the other hand, is not preferred due to the costs and time involved in its incorporation. Incorporating a business requires additional paper work compared to an LLC because they are highly regulated. Addi tionally, corporations are taxed twice, that is because the companys profits as well as the dividends paid to its shareholders incur taxes (Baden-Fuller & Morgan 2010). The steps involved in forming an LLC include choosing and registering a business name, which must not be similar to that of any registered entity and should indicate that the business is an LLC. It is also a requirement to file articles of organization. These are documents which contain the name of the business, its address and the names of its members. Equally important is the creation of an operating agreement, which stipulates the rules and regulations for the operation of the business. Operating agreements often include allocation of profits and losses, rights and responsibilities of members, and other provisions that allow the business to operate smoothly. Pauls idea of charging less prices in order to veer off

Quality Statistics Project Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Quality - Statistics Project Example Still from Table II-A, the maximum locate number is located where the raw with N code letter intersects with 1.5 percent – this number is 14, which is the maximum locate number. To estimate the producer’s risk, we shall use binomial distribution Table. Since we shall require n = 15 as the sample size, we shall go to the row where n = 5. In the ‘x’ Colum, we shall select 2, assuming that we shall not allow more than two defects. To get the producer’s risk, we shall locate the value that corresponds to 0.05, which is the AQL - this value is 0.97. Therefore, the producer’s risk = 100-97 = 3% or 0.03. This is a two-tailed test because the null hypothesis will be rejected if the sample mean is either too large or too small – there are two outcomes that will lead to rejection of the null hypothesis. Considering the two-tailed test, we shall be interested in establishing whether the p-value is less than -2.5 or greater than 2.5 Using t Distribution Table, we find that P (t > 2.5) = 0.9885 and P(t < -1.77) = 0.9885 Therefore, p-value = 0.9885*2 =

Business Law Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Business Law - Term Paper Example An LLC is a flexible business entity that combines the elements of a partnership and that of a corporation. It provides limited liability for its members. Limited liability implies that the liability of a member is limited to a certain sum, which in most cases is the value of the members contribution to the business. A shareholder in an LLC is not personally liable for any liabilities incurred by the entity unless to the extent of their investment in the entity. This business model is ideal for Paul as it will allow him to form the business with both Sara and Ronald. Compared to a partnership, an LLC does not give joint or individual liability. In a partnership, partners are not only liable for the actions undertaken by the entity but also liable for their actions. A corporation, on the other hand, is not preferred due to the costs and time involved in its incorporation. Incorporating a business requires additional paper work compared to an LLC because they are highly regulated. Addi tionally, corporations are taxed twice, that is because the companys profits as well as the dividends paid to its shareholders incur taxes (Baden-Fuller & Morgan 2010). The steps involved in forming an LLC include choosing and registering a business name, which must not be similar to that of any registered entity and should indicate that the business is an LLC. It is also a requirement to file articles of organization. These are documents which contain the name of the business, its address and the names of its members. Equally important is the creation of an operating agreement, which stipulates the rules and regulations for the operation of the business. Operating agreements often include allocation of profits and losses, rights and responsibilities of members, and other provisions that allow the business to operate smoothly. Pauls idea of charging less prices in order to veer off

Quantitative marketing research Essay Example for Free

Quantitative marketing research Essay A. Market study The researchers used descriptive method because the sudy needs detailed analysis and understanding of the proposed business. Survey questionnaires served as the research instrument in gathering information about the needs and wants of the target market so that demand and supply will be determined and analysed. The result of the survey will determine the feasibility of the proposed business. The researchers will make use of questionnaires that will be give to random by chosen respondents. The respondents of the study are the students of Saint Columban College. The researcher will use random sampling, by which random students is given an equal chance to be chosen as respondents. The survey questionnaire will be distributed to the students and they will be interviewed for further acquisition of significant information. In gathering data, the researchers will use the survey method by distributing the questionnaires in the main entrance, exit, and in the campus of Saint Columban College. The survey questionnaire will be submitted to the experts for validity and reliability purposes. After gathering all the data from the respondents, the researchers will tally the results and the total responses will be tabulated. The data will be interpreted and analysed to serve as the basis of the feasibility of the pizza haus. B. Human Resource Study The researcher will conduct a personal interview as an instrument of gathering data. The researcher proposed the type of ownership which is sole proprietorship for this type of organization. The company’s identification name and its structure were determined through sharing of ideas, opinions and suggestions by the researchers. The researchers will visit the Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE) for personal interview about the labor laws in the Philippines that must be observed in hiring employees, the right compensation of the employees, proper handling of employees and establishing operating policies. The researchers will also visit other business to gather information in recruiting personnel in the creation of organizational structure, the researchers will make use of their ideas and knowledge that they learned from human resource management. C. Socio-Economic Study The researcher will conduct personal interview to catch a relevant information for the socio-economic study. The researcher will visit the local government to gather information about the unemployment rate of Pagadian City and what would be the effect if this proposed business will be established in the community. D. Environmental study In this study, the researchers will take precautionary actions in the proper disposal of waste and the list of the possible effects or the impact of the business to the environment. The researchers will conduct personal interview to the local government officials to gather suggestions and idea on proper disposal of wastes created by JAS Pizza Haus. Also with respect of the Law, the proposed business will take some precautionary actions with the legal documents that is required to establish this business. E. Technical Study In this study, the researchers will use a set of questionnaires in order to gather information. The questions will be focusing on the suppliers for the operation of the business. The group will go to Pagadian City to visit the area and to inquire for a vacant space outside Saint Columban College campus for the location of the Pizza Haus. The researchers will also visit a pizza parlor to consult and inquire for the equipment needed for baking a pizza, the suppliers of the pizza ingredients especially the dough and the service processes of the business. Also, the group will canvass the prices of the plastic chairs and tables from plastic wares store, and lastly, the group will talk to the owner of the space’s terms and conditions in renting. F. Financial Study The researchers will conduct a personal interview from our adviser of this study and also from the CPAs for the means of gathering information of how much will be the capital needed for this proposed, and this capital will be taken from the investment of our proponent. Questions will focus on how much will be the cost of purchasing of those needed materials. The researchers will compute it properly to know the estimated budget for the overall initial investment of the proposed business.

Communication Processing In Modern Times Cultural Studies Essay

Communication Processing In Modern Times Cultural Studies Essay Nowadays, communication is become more important as it is used not only in business purpose, but also used widely in our daily life such as usual conversation or studies. While in hospitality and tourism industry, communication not only is use between customer and staff, but also use within the staffs in the organization. Besides that, communication also can be used to train staff in the hotel. If the communication did not go well in both conditions that are stated above, problems will occur and will also cause inconvenience to the hotel. This might bring up the problem of customer complain or mistake occurring when the operation of the hotel is going on. The definition of communication can be defined as transmitting information or exchanging message between two or more person. The communication process can be done by using the method of performing word, tone of voice or body language from one to another person. If without communication, other people might dont know what the person w ant or what the person want to say. So, it is important that a good communication process is carrying out when there is communication going on. 1.2 The communication process In a successful communication, it is very important that the sender send a clear message to the person he want to tell to. This will make the receiver get the message accurately and understanding it on the spot. Below is the figure of the process of communication that has been carrying out. In figure 1, it shows that the flow of a successful communication process. The communication process has involved two parties which are the sender and also the receiver, the message that is used, and also the type of how to transfer the messages. Besides that, the message that is send by the sender first are usually influenced by the senders personality which is the background of the sender, the sender education, and also attitude toward the receiver and so on. 1. Think meaning of message In the first element of the communication, it is focus on the sender part which the sender has something to tell other people about the idea or information that came out from his mind. The inspiration of the message that the sender want to tell might come from daily life, education, memories or task that had been given. Not only that, the sender also need to express the message clearly, directly and make it as simple as possible in order to let the receiver clear about the message. After that, the sender will choose the person whom he wants to tell to. 2. Express meaning in word, symbol In the second element, it is about the sender will express the message that they want to tell to the receiver through word, symbol, tone of voice, or body language. Besides that, there is few form of communication that the sender can use which is through verbal, nonverbal, written, representative visual and representative aural. 3. Transmits message (tell or write/send) In the third element, it is also the sender part that he will transmit the message to the people that he wanted to tell to. This can be done by transmit the message through telling the receiver the message, write the message out to the receiver, or send the message through e-mail to the receiver. While for the most important is, the message sent by the sender must be clear and easy to be understand by others. 4. Receive message (hear or read) In this element, this is the receiver part to receive the message that sent by the sender. The receiver will receive the message by hearing when the sender is telling the message. Besides that, the receiver also can receive the message by reading after the sender wrote down the message. 5. Translate word, symbols In the fifth element, it is still the receiver part that he or she will translate the word or the symbol that is sent by the sender into the way that the receiver understands. If the receiver doesnt understand what the sender is telling, it means that the communication process is not successful. So, when the sender is sending the message, he or she must make sure that the message that is sent is clear and direct on the spot. 6. Understanding and accept meaning In the last element, the task of the receiver is to understand and accept the meaning that the sender had sent to him or her. After the receiver had understood the message sent by the sender, the communication process will proceed to the first element again. If the communications fail, the process has to start over again. So, it is important that the sender send a message that is clear and easy to be understood by the receiver. 1.3 Form of communication use in hospitality industry For nowadays, communication can be divided into many forms that we usually will use in daily life such as verbal communication, nonverbal communication, written communication, representative visual and representative aural. While for hospitality industry, it also includes all of this form of communication when facing either with customer or the staff in the organization. First of all in hospitality industry, verbal form is the most common form of communication that is use when facing with guest and staff in the hotel. The definition of verbal communication means when the sender talk to the receiver, the sender will directly speak to the receiver by face to face or by through telephone. For example, the front office staff will communicate with the customer by face to face when the customer check in to the hotel. Besides that, verbal communication also occur when the customer call up to the front office staff to make a reservation in the hotel. While for nonverbal form of communication, it is also widely used in hospitality industry. The meaning of nonverbal communication means the message is send through two groups which is directly and indirectly. Directly nonverbal communication means the message is send through sign or similar gesturing while indirectly nonverbal communication means that the message is send through expression, physical attitude and so on. For example, the sign board that is used to warn the customer about the wet floor is an example of directly nonverbal communication. When the staff of the hotel saws a customer passing by and smiles to the customer, it is also a type of communication which is indirectly nonverbal communication as the action of smiling to the guest is the meaning of welcome. While for written form of communication, it also can be founded in hospitality industry. Written form of communication means that the messages are send through letters, notes, instruction, and book, manual and so on. For example, when a customer leaves a note on the room table for the staff in the hotel, this shows that a written communication has happen. Apart from that, the usage of representative visual also can be found in the hospitality industry. Representative visual means that the message is send through by painting, poster, or advertising display. For example, many hotels will advertise their hotel through newspaper as many people are reading it. This not only can communicate with other people, but also can reach the promotional purpose. It will also attract more people to come into the hotel. At last, hospitality industry also using representative aural as one of their communication process, the definition of representative aural can be say as the message is shown by musical form, promotional jingle and so on. For example, some hotel will use radio as one of their communication method. Some of the hotel will advertise their hotel when there is some event going on. 1.4 Conclusion In conclusion, communication has plays an important role in many business industry. Not only in daily life, but also in hospitality industries where it is the skill that used the most and there are many communications happen from time to time such as talking with the customer, greet to the customer. A good communication process have to be carried out successfully in order to make sure that the message is convey to the correct purpose and correct way. If not, mistake or problem might occur when things are going on. Not only that, misunderstanding also will occur and will cause arguing problem to happen. Conflict will also occur if the communication process did not success. So, it is necessary that make sure the communication is going on smoothly. Besides that, when sending a message, the message must be very clear and simple in order to make sure the message successfully send to the receiver.

Laidlaw by William McIlvanney :: Laidlaw William McIlvanney

Laidlaw  by William McIlvanney Laidlaw is a novel written by the famous Scottish born author William McIlvanney. His inspirational style of writing has delivered him prestigious awards for all his high quality novels.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Laidlaw is set in the urban city of Glasgow in the 90's and delivers a cutting insight to big industries and crime in society. McIlvanney creates a stunning atmosphere and examines the fascinating issues of why people commit murder and the devastating results of violence. One of the reasons I selected this novel wasn't just because of the quality and origin of the author and the setting , it was because of the infuriating character of Cheif Detective Inspector Jack Laidlaw , he is the main character and the most memorable one.   He is the spearhead of the investigations into the murder of a teenage girl , he has to do this in a city of hard men, villains and fat cat businessmen.   To look more deeper into the mysterious character of Laidlaw and his personality , we need to look at his interests and prejudices , Laidlaw is the main focus , in this novel and he captures everyone’s imagination and thoughts . He is an unorthodox det ective who is always wondering about the nature of society , threading his way through pubs and clubs trying to find the murderer of an apparently innocent girl. Laidlaw is such a memorable character who requires to be looked at and examined closely.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Jack Laidlaw is a universe apart from other examples of detectives , he examines the more intriguing issues of how and why people can commit the reprehensible crime of murder and the harrowing aftermath of crime and violence. Jack Laidlaw can deeply understand people more than anyone could ever imagine.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Jack Laidlaw is an odd sort detective, and this is an odd sort of novel. He lives and works in the gloomy, cheerless heart of urban Glasgow; and he keeps the works of "Camus"," Unamuno" and "Kierkegaard"in his top desk drawer, "where other detectives would normally rather keep their secret stashes of liquor." Unlike many other detectives with uppity tastes in literature, no one congratulates him for this or encourages him in any way; the whole world tells him that he thinks too much to be a good detective . However, he persists in trying to understand crimes as well as solve them : "You want to live as if the rest of the world was just a necessary evil and that you have to be a monster to be a criminal ,it's fucking not true , it's all in peoples concealed heads.

Essay Comparing the Concept of God in Beowulf and Other Anglo-Saxon Poems :: comparison compare contrast essays

The Concept of God in Beowulf and Other Anglo-Saxon Poems      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Is the concept of God mentioned only in Beowulf or is it a common element in all Anglo-Saxon poetry? Is the concept of God described the same way as in Beowulf?    Beowulf presents a mixture of Christian and pagan elements Hrothgar is demonstrably a monotheist, bu this people were offering sacrifice to pagan gods when Grendel caused them to despair. Let’s try to clarify the concept of God in this poem. In the early lines of this classic we see what is meant by GOD and by GOODNESS, as embodied or exemplified by the king, in this case by King Scyld Scefing:    he grew under heaven,  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   prospered in honors until every last one  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   of the bordering nations beyond the whale-road  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   had to heed him, pay him tribute.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   He was a good king! A son was born him,  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   a glorious heir, young in the courtyards,  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   whom God had sent to comfort his people,  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   -well had He seen the sinful distress  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   they suffered earlier, leaderless for long.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Therefore the Life-lord, the Ruler of glory,  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   granted earthly honor: Beow was famed (8ff)    So goodness in a king is the possession of such strength that other nations fear you. And God is the all-powerful One who grants this earthly honor that Scyld, Beow, Healfdene and Hrothgar shared in. So God the Author of strength is their concept of God as the poem opens. This idea continues:    Then Hrothgar was given  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   victory in battle (64).    Who was the giver? God, of course. From Heorot Hrothgar would:      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   he would share out among young and old  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   all God had given him, except common land  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   and the lives of men (71ff)    Heorot gave joy to the people with its scop narrating â€Å"how the Almighty had made the earth,† the â€Å"life He created, in each of the species,† â€Å"until a certain one began to do evil, an enemy from Hell,† a descendant of Cain. So God’s antithesis is in Grendel and his mother and their â€Å"home in the darkness.† Ater killing more than 60 Dane warriors, Grendel â€Å"grieved not at all for his wicked deeds – was too deep in sin;† many awful sins against mankind, the solitary fiend often committed;† â€Å"he knew not His love.

Economic Problem

Along with the development of the earth is a series of social events need to be addressed, such as population growth, food shortages and water shortages in many parts of the world. Specifically, people in Australia are facing with the threat of water shortage in the future. This problem has created an economic problem and urged the Australian government to find the solutions for this problem. This essay will explain the economic problem and answer the question how do markets attempt to solve the problem of water scarcity in Australia, focusing on the economic problem, water scarcity in Australia, the role of markets and water market in Australia. The economic problem can be known as the competition between unlimited wants and scarce resources. Unlimited wants are goods and services that people want to have are unlimited. But, scarce resources, things to make products, are limited. Because people’s want cannot be satisfied while resources needed to satisfy these wants is scarce, limited. Bized (n. d) points out that because our money is limited, we cannot get everything we ‘want’. Moreover, the scarcity of water is an economic problem. Water is a very significant part in our life, because everyone and everything in this world cannot live without water. However, population growth, intensive agricultural development, urbanization, industrial growth and environment requirements are all increasing demand for water. Not only that, the percentage of fresh water in the world is 3%, while 97% is salty water and it also cannot be reused or renewable. Water is the main source of living things, so the earth will become dry as a planet in space if it has no water. So that this economic problem needs to be solve. In addition, the increase in demand of water use and reduce water availability is a problem in Australia. Between 1983 and 1997, 9400 GL water use is increasing every year (NLWRA 2001 cited in Australian Government). According to the Wentworth Group of Concerned Scientists (1965), excessive use of water makes the water become scarce in the future. In a word, water is in scarcity. In order to solve the economic problem, we must choose how to use our scarce resources efficiently. If the choices are made, sources can be used efficiently. For instance, the Australian Governments is restoring the Balance in the Murray-Darling Basin to keep the water in this basin and protect the environment. They are making decision since the water is scarce. Australian Governments (2010) showed that water which available in Murray-Darling Basin declines, so this basin is likely to become worse. The problem is water in Australia is not unlimited. We therefore have to make choices. The choice can be known as opportunity cost. Since we never have enough resources at our disposal, we have to give up something in order to get another thing we want. For example, Morton and Shippen have to make the decision between selling water to the government or keeping the water for their using and their agriculture. If they decide to keep the water, the money from selling water is forgone and vice-versa. So, scarcity forces making choice. The role of market can help solving the economic problem. A market can be known as an actual place where buyers and sellers interact to trade goods, services for money. They interact in the market to determine the price. The diagram shows the way market finds the price for water. At point E, quantity demanded equals quantity supplied and the price of goods that customers are willing and able to buy equals the price of goods that sellers are willing and able to sell. The market price helps to solve the economic problem because people who want to get the goods or services have to be willing and able to pay the price. This means price addresses the 4 production decisions: â€Å"What to produce? † â€Å"How to produce? †, â€Å"How much to produce? † and â€Å"To whom distribute? . For example, if the price of water increases, people and farmers will use water more efficiently. Price can control the demand of goods and services, because going with the increasing of price is the decline of demand. Customers always look at the price before deciding to buy a good and when the price is high, customer’s want is less. In this diag ram below, the Production Possibility Frontier curve has shifted to the right because of the decreasing in water and increasing in demand. When the price is Pe, demand is greater than supply. This means there is a shortage of water in the market. Then market increased the price to Pe1, demand now declines with the point Qe1. In addition, the supply also can be controlled by the price. If the price increases, supply will be affected by demand and it also decreases. Because demand decreases, fewer goods are produced to correspond to demand, sellers will sell less and make supply decreases. So, the economic problem can be solved by the role of markets and market prices. In this Production Possibility Frontier, supply curve has shifted to the left. Price has increased from Pe to Pe1 and the quantity of water was decreased in order to establish a new equilibrium. [pic] Water in Australia is declining day by day by many. But these factors are the key element of the development in a country. So, Australian Government plans to create the water market to buy- back the water from irrigators looking to sell. In this market, water is a commodity that can be bought and sold between customers and sellers. Specifically, Australian Government’s plan is restoring the balance in Murray-Darling Basin. The purpose of this program is using the water purchase from irrigators restores the environment (Australian Government- 2010). The water buy-back also will be used in the future to protect future living standards. Another way to solve water scarcity in Australia is limited the amount of water use by increasing the water price. In this situation, price of water will be increased to reduce people’s demand, so that they may use water more efficiently. However, price of water also reduce the supply of water because of the limitation in water use. The problem of water scarcity in Australia has forced the Government making choice, the choice between using money to buy-back water for the plan â€Å"water for the Future† and using money for develop the country. But, at the end, the government realized that water is our future. In conclusion, economic problem is our want for goods and services to consume is greater than our ability to produce those goods and services, because of unlimited want and scarce resources. Moreover, the economic problem in Australia is water scarcity. It happened as people need and cannot live without water, while water is scarce and cannot be reused or renewable. This problem is not only about the scarce of water, but also about the existence of human’s life and environment. Therefore, the role of water market was found to solve this problem. In water market, price control the demand and supply of water, so it can be used more efficiently. Economic Problem Along with the development of the earth is a series of social events need to be addressed, such as population growth, food shortages and water shortages in many parts of the world. Specifically, people in Australia are facing with the threat of water shortage in the future. This problem has created an economic problem and urged the Australian government to find the solutions for this problem. This essay will explain the economic problem and answer the question how do markets attempt to solve the problem of water scarcity in Australia, focusing on the economic problem, water scarcity in Australia, the role of markets and water market in Australia. The economic problem can be known as the competition between unlimited wants and scarce resources. Unlimited wants are goods and services that people want to have are unlimited. But, scarce resources, things to make products, are limited. Because people’s want cannot be satisfied while resources needed to satisfy these wants is scarce, limited. Bized (n. d) points out that because our money is limited, we cannot get everything we ‘want’. Moreover, the scarcity of water is an economic problem. Water is a very significant part in our life, because everyone and everything in this world cannot live without water. However, population growth, intensive agricultural development, urbanization, industrial growth and environment requirements are all increasing demand for water. Not only that, the percentage of fresh water in the world is 3%, while 97% is salty water and it also cannot be reused or renewable. Water is the main source of living things, so the earth will become dry as a planet in space if it has no water. So that this economic problem needs to be solve. In addition, the increase in demand of water use and reduce water availability is a problem in Australia. Between 1983 and 1997, 9400 GL water use is increasing every year (NLWRA 2001 cited in Australian Government). According to the Wentworth Group of Concerned Scientists (1965), excessive use of water makes the water become scarce in the future. In a word, water is in scarcity. In order to solve the economic problem, we must choose how to use our scarce resources efficiently. If the choices are made, sources can be used efficiently. For instance, the Australian Governments is restoring the Balance in the Murray-Darling Basin to keep the water in this basin and protect the environment. They are making decision since the water is scarce. Australian Governments (2010) showed that water which available in Murray-Darling Basin declines, so this basin is likely to become worse. The problem is water in Australia is not unlimited. We therefore have to make choices. The choice can be known as opportunity cost. Since we never have enough resources at our disposal, we have to give up something in order to get another thing we want. For example, Morton and Shippen have to make the decision between selling water to the government or keeping the water for their using and their agriculture. If they decide to keep the water, the money from selling water is forgone and vice-versa. So, scarcity forces making choice. The role of market can help solving the economic problem. A market can be known as an actual place where buyers and sellers interact to trade goods, services for money. They interact in the market to determine the price. The diagram shows the way market finds the price for water. At point E, quantity demanded equals quantity supplied and the price of goods that customers are willing and able to buy equals the price of goods that sellers are willing and able to sell. The market price helps to solve the economic problem because people who want to get the goods or services have to be willing and able to pay the price. This means price addresses the 4 production decisions: â€Å"What to produce? † â€Å"How to produce? †, â€Å"How much to produce? † and â€Å"To whom distribute? . For example, if the price of water increases, people and farmers will use water more efficiently. Price can control the demand of goods and services, because going with the increasing of price is the decline of demand. Customers always look at the price before deciding to buy a good and when the price is high, customer’s want is less. In this diag ram below, the Production Possibility Frontier curve has shifted to the right because of the decreasing in water and increasing in demand. When the price is Pe, demand is greater than supply. This means there is a shortage of water in the market. Then market increased the price to Pe1, demand now declines with the point Qe1. In addition, the supply also can be controlled by the price. If the price increases, supply will be affected by demand and it also decreases. Because demand decreases, fewer goods are produced to correspond to demand, sellers will sell less and make supply decreases. So, the economic problem can be solved by the role of markets and market prices. In this Production Possibility Frontier, supply curve has shifted to the left. Price has increased from Pe to Pe1 and the quantity of water was decreased in order to establish a new equilibrium. [pic] Water in Australia is declining day by day by many. But these factors are the key element of the development in a country. So, Australian Government plans to create the water market to buy- back the water from irrigators looking to sell. In this market, water is a commodity that can be bought and sold between customers and sellers. Specifically, Australian Government’s plan is restoring the balance in Murray-Darling Basin. The purpose of this program is using the water purchase from irrigators restores the environment (Australian Government- 2010). The water buy-back also will be used in the future to protect future living standards. Another way to solve water scarcity in Australia is limited the amount of water use by increasing the water price. In this situation, price of water will be increased to reduce people’s demand, so that they may use water more efficiently. However, price of water also reduce the supply of water because of the limitation in water use. The problem of water scarcity in Australia has forced the Government making choice, the choice between using money to buy-back water for the plan â€Å"water for the Future† and using money for develop the country. But, at the end, the government realized that water is our future. In conclusion, economic problem is our want for goods and services to consume is greater than our ability to produce those goods and services, because of unlimited want and scarce resources. Moreover, the economic problem in Australia is water scarcity. It happened as people need and cannot live without water, while water is scarce and cannot be reused or renewable. This problem is not only about the scarce of water, but also about the existence of human’s life and environment. Therefore, the role of water market was found to solve this problem. In water market, price control the demand and supply of water, so it can be used more efficiently.

Young Love and Relationships

Young Love and Relationships Everybody feels love at one time or another, be it a love for a family member or a friend. Some people fall in and out of love on a regular basis while others take time to find just the right one. Everyone experiences this differently. Love between two people is distinct and exceptional. Although being in love with someone is easy and free, love is still a powerful emotion that can build and destroy. Since majority of the youth in our society start with their first love and relationship at the age of thirteen, many are also fooled.Many confuse true love with infatuation. Although this is not entirely a bad thing, still many are often caught in sticky situations. (i. e. Pre-marital Sex, Teenage Pregnancy, Heartbreak, Suicide) Objectively, Webster says that the meaning of true love is a  sweetheart or  a  truly  loving  or  loved  person. Furthermore more, Webster also defines relationships as an emotional and sexual association between two pe ople. As for me, I believe that true love and relationships are the ones that God continuously give us. In 1 Corinthians 13: 4-7 (NIV), it is said that â€Å"Love is patient; love is kind.It does not envy; it does not boast; it is not proud. It is not rude; it is not self-seeking; it is not easily angered; it keeps no record of wrongs. Love does not delight on evil but rejoices with the truth. It always protects; always trusts; always hopes; always perseveres. † True love is often confused with romantic love (infatuation) since both are all consuming and overwhelming, and if teenagers are not guided well, things can spiral out of hand. But when guided and founded with the will of God, years would go by as love develops into a real and secure emotional.The verse stated above shows what true love is really about. True love never asks for anything in return; it never gets tired of giving. But amidst all these, giving still has its boundaries. That is why everybody, mainly teens should know that unconditional love has nothing to do with sex, exploitation or subjugation. Right now, teenage girls around the world are getting pregnant because they thought having sex with their boyfriend proves love. But what did they get? Being left behind, an ounce of heartbreak and a baby to take care of at such a young age.Was getting their lives destroyed worth the few hours of pleasure in bed? I believe not. However, some are pressured into marriage as a sense of responsibility, but statistics show that although things may start like a fairytale, ninety percent of the teens that get married due to unplanned pregnancy get divorced or separated within a span of six years. You see, there is a right time for everything, for real love waits for that. Love never fails to forgive and it sacrifices for the other, but these sacrifices should have its limits – one that would ensure that no one gets hurt.Shakespeare, one of the greatest playwright and love advocate, compared romantic love to being intoxicated in his play â€Å"The Tempest†. Romantic love often clouds a person's judgment causing him to be confused on what the right decisions should be. It is like drug or alcohol that it takes over all the person's senses, somehow causing him to make many big decisions with all the wrong motives. Most of the time, lovers base their decisions on each other considering how they can be of help to each other. Together, they continuously grow emotionally and spiritually.Now, don't get me wrong. There is a big difference between depending on each other for the better and not being able to live without the other. The latter is a mere infatuation or romantic love. For example, a person in a long term and serious relationship gets offered his dream job, but the job requires him to move to another country, thus leaving his partner behind. The person being left behind would probably force the other to stay and because romantic love can be really selfless, he would stay. And what if he chooses to leave? What would you do?Would you stop living your life just because the other chose to live his dreams? In real love, both should be encouraging each other to fulfill their dreams whether or not they do it side by side or far away from each other. Love can wait. If two people are meant for each other God will make a way because the will of God can never be broken. He will be the One opening doors for the two persons to meet. Arnel Pineda once sang a song with the lyrics â€Å"too much love can kill you†, and indeed it can. In a relationship, be it just a fling or a serious one, we can never be sure if that relationship would last.We are never sure if the person we are with right now is the person we are going to be with in the next ten or twenty years. And when we love someone too much, we believe that we cannot live life without him. That is why losing him may cause us to stop living our lives. This is not real love. Just like an old s aying being passed around for centuries, â€Å"Too much of anything is bad. † This proves that truly loving someone should never be too much because true love does not cause harm, but instead brings harmony. Furthermore, True love is selfless; infatuation is too much.Since romantic love is extremely selfless, a person may sacrifice everything and simply live his life for the other. This is wrong because any relationship is not exceptional from conflicts. And to top it all, we don't know for sure if this person we are having a relationship with, is the one we would last with. That is why a relationship should have a strong foundation with God. It has to continuously grow according to God's commands and laws. We also have to be able to have something in our personal life to back us up. Something that would keep us busy if anything goes wrong with the relationship. i. e. Spiritual Lives, Family and Friends, School Organizations, Work)Loving and having relationships is really har d to understand. When our heart unites with another, we feel a strong connection being formed. But when the connection is cut without understanding, the results can be disastrous. (i. e. Suicide) These kinds of incidents can be avoided if we take time to reflect and slowly grow as wisdom and understanding comes. In our generation today, teens often rush into relationships without building a strong foundation to be able handle them.A heart without enough strength to handle the trials of a relationship is like standing on thin ice forcing it not to break. But no matter how hard we try to stop it from breaking, it will crack. That is why, love and relationships should not be rushed because there are many trials and situations that only time can face and overcome. Therefore, losing someone we love should not stop us from living because there is someone better, destined by the will of God, to be with us. Love comes with a lot of perks, but at the same time comes with great responsibility and understanding.There are numerous kinds of things a misguided love or relationship can cause, be it suicide, murder or pregnancy. These points must be taken into serious considerations to prevent people from committing the same mistakes over and over again. This is also for the youth to be more guided when it comes to loving and relationships because many young lives are at risk when it comes to an unguided relationship. That is why the youth should always be guided and must know all these responsibilities in order to have a good relationship, and of course, one that will develop to grow and last.Moreover, love is one of the most amazing feelings a person can feel if used in the right way. And in the end, love will always be a powerful force. Whether we let it work its magic or try to repress it, love is still and always will be an inevitable force that binds us all. Source: Dictionary meaning of true love. Retrieved from: http://www. merriam-webster. com/ Bible Verse. Retrieved from: http://www. biblegateway. com/ (2013). Marriage. Retrieved from: http://www. pregnancyoutreach. org/articles/marriage